IGNOUMATIC

The ‘Nehruvian Consensus’ refers to the set of guiding principles and policies formulated by Jawaharlal Nehru, India’s first Prime Minister, which shaped the country’s foreign policy in the early years after its independence in 1947. This consensus, primarily influenced by Nehru’s ideals and vision, became the cornerstone of Indian foreign…

Indian foreign policy is shaped by a combination of historical factors, geopolitical considerations, economic needs, and strategic interests. The key determinants that influence India’s foreign policy include: In conclusion, India’s foreign policy is a complex and multifaceted approach influenced by historical, geopolitical, economic, and strategic factors. It seeks to protect…

India has long been an advocate of global disarmament, particularly the nuclear disarmament agenda, as part of its broader foreign policy. Its stance on disarmament is shaped by a commitment to international peace, security, and justice. India’s approach is often rooted in principles of non-violence, multilateral diplomacy, and responsible statecraft.…

India’s relations with West Asia (also referred to as the Middle East) are historically deep-rooted, marked by cultural, religious, economic, and strategic ties. West Asia, due to its proximity and significant global standing, plays a pivotal role in India’s foreign policy. Over the years, India has maintained a balanced approach…

India and South Africa share a deep historical connection rooted in the struggle against colonialism and apartheid. Both nations have faced similar challenges in their pursuit of independence, and their diplomatic ties have been shaped by mutual respect and solidarity, particularly in the context of their respective liberation movements. Today,…

India-Pakistan relations have been defined by a history of conflict, competition, and periodic attempts at peace. The two nations share a contentious history rooted in the partition of India in 1947, which led to the creation of Pakistan and the subsequent displacement of millions of people. Since then, the bilateral…

India-China relations are marked by both cooperation and conflict, shaped by the historical, strategic, economic, and geopolitical dynamics between the two countries. As two of the most populous nations in the world and emerging global powers, their bilateral relationship is of paramount importance to regional and global stability. India and…

The concept of the New World Order (NWO) refers to the shifting global power dynamics and the emergence of a new structure of international relations in the post-Cold War era. It became widely discussed after the end of the Cold War in the early 1990s, following the collapse of the…

India has been an active participant in peacekeeping operations (PKOs) under the United Nations (UN) since its early days of independence. The country has contributed significantly to maintaining peace and stability in various regions affected by conflict. India’s involvement in peacekeeping is guided by its commitment to global peace, its…

Parliamentary committees are essential components of the parliamentary system in India, playing a crucial role in facilitating the legislative process and ensuring effective governance. These committees, which are formed by members of the Parliament, enable detailed examination and analysis of various legislative, financial, and administrative matters. They help in scrutinizing…

Indira Gandhi, India’s first and only female Prime Minister to date, played a pivotal role in shaping the country’s foreign policy. Serving as the Prime Minister from 1966-1977 and again from 1980-1984, her tenure saw major shifts in India’s international relations, as well as significant transformations in its approach to…

Indian foreign policy has been influenced by a wide range of factors, including historical experiences, economic imperatives, security concerns, and regional dynamics. Among these, political parties have played a crucial role in shaping India’s foreign policy. While the country’s foreign policy has traditionally been formulated by the Executive Branch, primarily…