IGNOUMATIC

Regional cooperation is central to addressing the global challenges faced by states today, particularly in the areas of trade, security, and environmental sustainability. In contemporary international relations, regional cooperation has evolved into a significant tool for addressing shared problems and advancing collective interests, especially in an era of globalization. 1.…

India’s disarmament policy has been shaped by its strategic and security concerns, as well as its desire for global peace and stability. While India has consistently advocated for nuclear disarmament and the reduction of conventional arms, its approach to disarmament has been shaped by its unique position as a non-signatory…

India’s relationship with Central Asia has grown in importance over the past few decades, particularly with the realization of the region’s strategic economic, geopolitical, and energy significance. Central Asia, located at the heart of the Eurasian landmass, is a critical region for India’s foreign policy, as it offers opportunities for…

India’s foreign policy toward South Asia has been shaped by its historical, cultural, geographical, and strategic interests. As the largest country in the region, India plays a dominant role in shaping the political, economic, and security landscape of South Asia. India’s approach to its neighbors is influenced by its goals…

Indo-Russian relations have undergone significant changes since the mid-1990s, marked by evolving strategic, economic, and political engagement. The dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 created a new world order, with Russia emerging as an independent state. This transformation prompted India to recalibrate its foreign policy, shifting from a Soviet-centric…

India-China relations have witnessed significant transformation over the past few decades. The two countries, once adversaries, have evolved into complex partners, both in economic and geopolitical dimensions, albeit with continuing challenges. Conclusion: Emerging trends in India-China relations reflect a balance of competition and cooperation. Economic interdependence continues to grow, yet…

The post-Cold War era, which began in the early 1990s with the dissolution of the Soviet Union, has significantly altered the dynamics of international relations. This transformation is particularly visible in the relationship between the United States and the European Union (EU). While the Cold War period defined much of…

In a democratic setup like India, foreign policy is not the exclusive domain of the ruling party or the executive; it involves multiple stakeholders, including political parties. The role of political parties in shaping and influencing India’s foreign policy has evolved, especially in the context of the country’s democratic framework,…

The role of the Prime Minister’s Office (PMO) in India has evolved significantly over the years, especially in the domain of foreign policy-making. Traditionally, foreign policy in India was managed by the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA), but over time, the PMO has gained substantial influence in shaping the country’s…