Democracy and good governance are interrelated concepts that are essential for fostering transparency, accountability, and citizen participation in decision-making processes. Democracy refers to a political system where power is vested in the people, who exercise their rights through free and fair elections to elect representatives and hold them accountable. Good governance, on the other hand,…
Month: July 2024
What are the indicators of sustainable development?
Sustainable development is a holistic approach to meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It encompasses economic, social, and environmental dimensions, aiming to promote prosperity, equity, and environmental stewardship. Indicators of sustainable development serve as measures to assess progress towards achieving sustainable outcomes across…
Discuss the relationship between gender and development.
Gender and development are interconnected concepts that influence and shape each other in complex ways. Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors, and identities assigned to individuals based on their perceived biological sex, while development encompasses economic, social, and political processes aimed at improving human well-being and quality of life. This essay examines the…
How are the political parties different from interest groups?
Political parties and interest groups are two distinct entities within the realm of political participation and advocacy. While both play essential roles in shaping public policy and representing various interests in society, they differ significantly in their objectives, structures, functions, and modes of operation. This essay examines the differences between political parties and interest groups,…
Discuss the various farmers’ movements in contemporary India.
Farmers’ movements in contemporary India have emerged as powerful expressions of agrarian distress, rural discontent, and demands for agrarian reform. These movements, often led by farmers’ organizations and supported by civil society groups, have mobilized millions of farmers across the country to protest against government policies, demand fair prices for agricultural produce, and seek solutions…
What are the main provisions of the 73rd and 74th Constitutional amendments with regard to Panchayati Raj System?
The 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments, enacted in 1992, are landmark legislations aimed at decentralizing power and promoting local self-governance in rural and urban areas, respectively. These amendments introduced significant reforms to the Panchayati Raj system and the system of urban local bodies (ULBs), laying the foundation for grassroots democracy and participatory governance. This essay…
Critically examine judical activism in India.
Judicial activism, defined as the proactive role of the judiciary in shaping public policy and governance, has been a defining feature of India’s constitutional democracy. While judicial activism has played a crucial role in safeguarding fundamental rights, promoting social justice, and upholding the rule of law, it has also sparked debates about the proper role…
What is parliamentary sovereignty ? Is it subject to judicial review ?
Parliamentary sovereignty is a fundamental principle of the British constitutional system, which asserts that Parliament has supreme legislative authority and can enact, amend, or repeal any law without being bound by prior legislation or legal constraints. This concept emerged historically as a reaction against monarchical absolutism and has since evolved to define the relationship between…
Discuss the notion of social inequality with reference to caste hierarchy in India.
Social inequality, a pervasive issue in societies worldwide, refers to the unequal distribution of resources, opportunities, and privileges among individuals or groups based on various factors such as socio-economic status, gender, race, and caste. In India, one of the most enduring and deeply entrenched forms of social inequality is the caste system, a hierarchical social…
Explain the Directive Principles of State Policy as guidelines to the state to bring about socio-economic transformation.
The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) constitute a crucial component of the Indian Constitution, enshrined in Part IV. Unlike Fundamental Rights, which are justiciable, the DPSPs are non-justiciable principles that provide guidelines for the state in framing policies and enacting laws. These principles aim to promote social justice, economic welfare, and a just society,…
Discuss the evolution of religious politics in India.
Religious politics in India has a complex and multifaceted history, deeply intertwined with the country’s socio-cultural fabric and political landscape. From pre-independence struggles for religious identity to post-independence electoral strategies, religious affiliations have played a significant role in shaping political discourse and mobilization. This essay explores the evolution of religious politics in India, tracing its…
How do Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy ensure human developmen? Explain.
The Indian Constitution, a cornerstone of the world’s largest democracy, meticulously outlines the framework for governance and the rights of its citizens. Among its most significant provisions are the Fundamental Rights and the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP), which together aim to foster human development and ensure a just and equitable society. This essay…